Initially, it was primarily targeted towards adults. A year later, the restriction on silicone was lifted and the production of Silly Putty resumed. Silicone, the main ingredient in silly putty, was put on ration, harming his business. However, Hodgson was almost put out of business in 1951 by the Korean War. Initially, sales were poor, but after a New Yorker article mentioned it, Hodgson sold over 250,000 eggs of silly putty in three days. Īlready US$12,000 in debt, Hodgson borrowed US$147 to buy a batch of the putty to pack 1 oz (28 g) portions into plastic eggs for US$1, calling it Silly Putty. Although it sold well, Fallgatter did not pursue it further. The two decided to market the bouncing putty by selling it in a clear case. She contacted marketing consultant Peter C. In 1949, toy store owner Ruth Fallgatter came across the putty. However, the substance did not have all the properties needed to replace rubber. The non-toxic putty would bounce when dropped, could stretch farther than regular rubber, would not go moldy, and had a very high melting temperature. Both researchers independently discovered that reacting boric acid with silicone oil would produce a gooey, bouncy material with several unique properties. Throughout his life, Warrick insisted that he and his colleague, Rob Roy McGregor, received the patent for Silly Putty before Wright did but Crayola's history of Silly Putty states that Wright first invented it in 1943. Ĭredit for the invention of Silly Putty is disputed and has been attributed variously to Earl Warrick of the then newly formed Dow Corning Harvey Chin and James Wright, a Scottish-born inventor working for General Electric in New Haven, Connecticut. Meanwhile, the government funded research into synthetic rubber compounds to attempt to solve this shortage. In the US, all rubber products were rationed citizens were encouraged to make their rubber products last until the end of the war and to donate spare tires, boots, and coats.
Rubber was vital for the production of rafts, tires, vehicle and aircraft parts, gas masks, and boots. Other brands offer similar materials, sometimes in larger-sized containers, and in a similarly wide variety of colors or with different properties, such as magnetism and iridescence.ĭuring World War II, Japan invaded rubber-producing countries as it expanded its sphere of influence in the Pacific Rim. It is available in various colors, including glow-in-the-dark and metallic. Since 1950, more than 300 million eggs of Silly Putty (approximately 4,500 short tons or 4,100 tonnes) have been sold. As of July 2009, twenty thousand eggs of Silly Putty are sold daily. The Silly Putty brand is owned by Crayola LLC (formerly the Binney & Smith company). Silly Putty is sold as a 13 g (0.46 oz) piece of clay inside an egg-shaped plastic container. After a long period of time, it will return to its original viscosity. It also becomes harder to remove small amounts of it from surfaces. If Silly Putty is submerged in warm or hot water, it will become softer and thus "melt" much faster. Silly Putty will dissolve when in contact with an alcohol after the alcohol evaporates, the material will not exhibit its original properties.
Hand sanitizers containing alcohol are often helpful. Generally, Silly Putty is difficult to remove from textured items such as dirt and clothing. Newer papers with soy-based inks are more resistant to this process. When newspaper ink was petroleum based, Silly Putty could be used to transfer newspaper images to other surfaces, providing amusement by distorting the transferred image afterwards. Silly Putty is also a fairly good adhesive. Because its apparent viscosity increases directly with respect to the amount of force applied, Silly Putty can be characterized as a dilatant fluid. Viscoelasticity is a type of non-Newtonian flow, characterizing material that acts as a viscous liquid over a long time period but as an elastic solid over a short time period. Silly Putty's unusual flow characteristics are due to the ingredient polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS), a viscoelastic substance.
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